• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The disclosure provides a peanut specialty fertilizer and method of making same. The peanut specialty fertilizer can reduce the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer and increase nitrogen fixation in root nodules, and the fertilizer manufacturing process reduces complex techniques in the fertilizer manufacturing process to meet the specific fertilizer needs in each growth phase of the peanut. A peanut specialty fertilizer comprises the following parts (parts by weight) of starting materials: 30 parts urea, 20 parts sulfur plus resin coated controlled release urea with a 60 day release period, parts sulfur plus resin coated controlled release urea with a 90 day release period, 30 parts sulfur plus controlled release resin-coated urea having a release period of 120 days, 400 parts of calcium superphosphate, 170 parts of potassium sulfate and 20 parts of a liquid humic acid; wherein a mass ratio of chemical nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) in the peanut specialty fertilizer N: P2O5: K2O = 1: 1.5: 2. A peanut specialty fertilizer manufacturing process comprises the steps of: 1) mixing powdered calcium superphosphate with a liquid humic acid, stirring for 5 to 6 minutes to complete mixing, obtaining particles having a diameter of 1 to 2 mm by granulation and drying to a moisture content of 10 wt .-% Or less; and 2) mixing the particles prepared in 25 step 1) with the remaining starting materials, stirring for 4 to 5 minutes for complete mixing and obtaining the peanut specialty fertilizer.
    公开号:BE1026224B1
    申请号:E2018/5730
    申请日:2018-10-23
    公开日:2019-11-18
    发明作者:Feng Guo；Shubo Wan；Jialei Zhang；Xinguo Li；Jingjing Meng；Sha Yang；Yingying Wang；Yun Geng；Cui Li
    申请人:Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Field of the Invention The disclosure relates to the field of fertilizer manufacturing, and more particularly, to a peanut specialty fertilizer and a manufacturing method therefor.
    PRIOR ART According to relevant data, 55% of the increases in crop yields in developing countries are due to the effect of fertilizers. However, the use of fertilizers is generally low. The utilization of nitrogen fertilizers is only 30% to 35%, that of phosphorus fertilizers 10% to 25% and that of potassium fertilizers 35% to 50%. Such a low level of recovery not only causes a great waste of resources, but also serious pollution. In some regions, problems such as soil neutrophy and a much higher nitrogen content in groundwater and grain occur than required by standards. To solve this problem, long-term, controlled-release fertilizers have opened up new approaches and a more effective approach, and have become the focus of innovation and research in the field of chemical fertilizers. China is currently clearly committed to the goal of preventing the use of fertilizers and pesticides in China from increasing by 2020.
    [0003] As a legume whose fruiting takes place underground and which can bind nitrogen, the peanut has special requirements and properties with regard to fertilizers. Over the years, the Revelation research group has experimented with fertilizers to achieve breakthroughs in high yields. As far as nitrogen requirements are concerned, nitrogen binding in the peanut root nodules covers over 80% of nitrogen requirements during the growing season, without nitrogen fertilizer
    2018/5730
    BE2018 / 5730 is applied. If more nitrogen is used, the nitrogen binding in the root nodules gradually decreases. Large amounts of nitrogen fertilizer are used for higher crop yields, which leads to a substantial reduction in the number of root nodules. The nitrogen binding in the root nodules is less than 10% or even less than 5%, which not only negates the advantages of nitrogen binding in the root nodules, but also leads to less utilization of the nitrogen fertilizer, leaching, volatilization and pollution and at the same time strong growth and excessive Nutrient supply to plants. The strong growth must be contained by spraying growth regulators, which increases production costs and pollution caused by pesticides and creates a vicious cycle. In addition, during the growing period of the peanut, there are different nitrogen requirements in different phases. In the seedling phase, the peanut has not yet formed any root nodules, and nitrogen is mainly supplied from the soil and from fertilizers that provide more than 50% of the nitrogen. In the flowering and gynophore growth phase, the largest proportion of nitrogen is bound in root nodules, which provide more than 40% of the nitrogen, while the proportion of nitrogen from the soil and from fertilizers drops sharply. In the pod formation phase, the nitrogen content in the root nodules reaches more than 50%, and that of nitrogen from the soil and from fertilizers is about 20%. In the fruit ripening phase, the proportion of nitrogen from the soil and from fertilizers reaches 65%, and the proportion of nitrogen in the root nodules is about 1/3. Depending on the properties of the nitrogen requirement of the peanut, different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer are therefore used in different growth phases, which not only reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used, but can also significantly improve the utilization of nitrogen fertilizer, reduce pollution and are of great importance for sustainable agricultural development is.
    Currently, common fertilizers are common in peanut production
    2018/5730
    BE2018 / 5730 fast-acting fertilizers with short fertilizer release periods that do not meet the special fertilizer requirements of the peanut. The release levels and periods of currently available slow release fertilizers or controlled release fertilizers also do not meet the fertilizer needs of the peanut and do not achieve the required peanut growth. In view of the dangers of pollution and sustainable agricultural development, the sustainable use of the environment and soil must be taken into account in order to actively develop environmentally friendly agriculture that uses the nitrogen binding in the root nodules and reduces the amount of fertilizer used. Therefore, the production of a widely usable peanut special fertilizer must be examined according to the special nitrogen uptake and utilization method of the peanut and the special phosphorus and potassium fertilizer requirement in order to
    Improve fertilizer utilization, achieve a lower weight and achieve environmentally friendly agricultural production.
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION In view of the disadvantages of existing techniques regarding the particular nitrogen uptake and utilization of peanut and the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer requirement, the disclosure provides a peanut specialty fertilizer that can control the release period and amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, the requirements for different application amounts of the Nitrogen fertilizer met at different times to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used and increase the nitrogen binding in the root nodules.
    The disclosure further provides a method of manufacturing the peanut specialty fertilizer by coating calcium superphosphate with urea, sulfur plus resin-coated controlled release urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and a liquid humic acid as starting materials, and mixing, which reduces complex techniques in the fertilizer manufacturing process, the particular fertilizer process the
    2018/5730
    BE2018 / 5730 can meet individual peanut growth periods, promote peanut growth, prevent premature aging in the later phase, improve fertilizer utilization and reduce fertilizer pollution.
    To accomplish the task, the disclosure is implemented using the following technical solution:
    [0007] A special peanut fertilizer contains the following parts (parts by weight) of starting materials:
    urea30 pieces, Sulfur plus controlled release resin-coated urea With 20 parts, a release period of 60 days Sulfur plus controlled release resin-coated urea With 20 parts, a release period of 90 days Sulfur plus controlled release resin-coated urea With 30 pieces, a release period of 120 days Calcium superphosphate400 pieces, potassium sulphate170 parts and liquid humic acid20 parts; and
    the mass ratio of chemical nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) in the peanut special fertilizer is N: P2Os: K2O = 1: 1.5: 2.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the peanut special fertilizer, the urea is a nitrogen fertilizer which contains 46% nitrogen.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the peanut specialty fertilizer, the sulfur plus resin-coated urea with controlled release with a release period of 60 days, the sulfur plus resin-coated urea with controlled release with a release period of 90 days and the sulfur plus resin-coated urea with controlled release with Release period of 120 days each have a particle size of 1 to 2 mm.
    [0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the peanut special fertilizer
    2018/5730
    BE2018 / 5730 show the sulfur plus resin-coated urea with controlled release with a release period of 60 days, the sulfur plus resin-coated
    Controlled release urea with a 90 day release period and the sulfur plus resin coated controlled release urea with a 120 day release period each have a nitrogen content of
    41.5%, 39.6% and 37.2% respectively.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the peanut special fertilizer, the calcium superphosphate has a phosphorus pentoxide content of 16%.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the peanut special fertilizer, the potassium sulfate has a potassium oxide content of 50%.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the peanut special fertilizer, the humic acid is a liquid and has the following active ingredients: sugar content> 40%, Brix> 70, specific weight: 1.38, and reducing sugars: 18.5%.
    [0014] A manufacturing process of a special peanut fertilizer comprises the following steps:
    1) Mixing powdered calcium superphosphate with a liquid
    Humic acid, stirring for 5 to 6 min to complete mixing, obtaining
    Particles with a diameter of 1 to 2 mm by granulation and drying to a moisture content of 10% by weight or less; and 2) mixing the particles produced in step 1) with the remaining starting materials, stirring for 4 to 5 minutes to complete mixing and obtaining the peanut special fertilizer.
    [0017] The advantages of the disclosure are:
    1. Simple manufacturing process and relatively low cost. The fertilizer according to the disclosure can be manufactured by ordinary small businesses from extensive sources of main raw materials in the formula, without the need for special raw materials, and using a simple manufacturing process and too proportionally low costs.
    2. Meeting the needs of general peanut fields for production
    2018/5730
    BE2018 / 5730
    Combining fast action with slow release The formula of the fertilizer according to the disclosure takes into account the effect of nitrogen binding in the root nodules based on the special fertilizer requirement of the peanut and combines ordinary urea with resin-coated urea that has a different, slow release period around that To meet the nutritional needs of the plants in the early growth phase, to provide the nitrogenous fertilizer required for the formation of the nodules in the early phase, to promote strong seedlings and to produce a large amount of root nodules and to promote the nitrogen binding in the root nodules in the middle growth phase and then in take into account the need for nitrogen fertilizers in the later growth phase, so that a lack of fertilizer is prevented in the later phase and promote flower formation, downward gynophore growth and fruit formation become T.
    3. Good yield-increasing effect and high utilization of the
    Nitrogen fertilizer The yield-increasing effect for the peanut is clear, and the utilization of the nitrogen fertilizer is significantly increased.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the following, the disclosure is further described in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is to be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only intended to illustrate and explain the disclosure and are not intended to limit the disclosure.
    Example 1
    A special peanut fertilizer has a mass ratio of chemical nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) of N: P2Os: K2O = l: 1.5: 2; and contains the following parts by weight of starting materials: 30 parts urea, 20 parts sulfur plus resin-coated urea with controlled release with a
    2018/5730
    BE2018 / 5730 60 day release period, 20 parts sulfur plus resin coated
    Controlled release urea with a 90 day release period, 30 parts sulfur plus resin coated controlled release urea with a 120 day release period, 400 parts calcium superphosphate, 170 parts potassium sulfate and 20 parts liquid humic acid.
    A manufacturing method of the peanut special fertilizer according to the embodiment includes the following steps:
    1) Mixing powdered calcium superphosphate with a liquid humic acid, stirring for 5 to 6 minutes to complete mixing, obtaining particles with a diameter of 1 to 2 mm by granulation and drying to a moisture content of 10% by weight or less; and
    2) Mix the particles produced in step 1) with the other starting materials, stir for 4 to 5 minutes to completely mix and obtain the peanut special fertilizer.
    Example 2
    A mass ratio of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) is N: P2Os: K2O = 1: 1.5: 2; Parts by weight of the starting materials are: 89.5 parts of urea, 400 parts of calcium superphosphate, 170 parts of potassium sulfate and 20 parts of a liquid humic acid.
    The starting materials and the manufacturing process are the same as in Example 1.
    Example 3
    A mass ratio of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) is N: P2Os: K2O = 1: 1.5: 2; Parts by weight of the starting materials are: 71.5 parts of urea, 20 parts of sulfur plus resin-coated urea with controlled release with a release period of 60 days, 400 parts of calcium superphosphate, 170 parts of potassium sulfate and 20 parts of a liquid humic acid.
    The raw materials and the manufacturing process are the same as in
    2018/5730
    BE2018 / 5730 Example 1.
    Example 4
    A mass ratio of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) is
    Ν: Ρ2θ5: Κ2θ = 1: 1.5: 2; Parts by weight of the starting materials are: 72.3 parts
    Urea, 20 parts sulfur plus resin-coated urea with controlled
    Release with a 90 day release period, 400 parts calcium superphosphate, 170 parts potassium sulfate and 20 parts liquid humic acid.
    The starting materials and the manufacturing process are the same as in Example 1.
    Example 5
    A mass ratio of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) is
    N: P2Os: K2O = l: 1.5: 2; Parts by weight of the starting materials are: 65.2 parts
    Urea, 30 parts sulfur plus resin-coated urea with controlled
    Release with a release period of 120 days, 400 parts of calcium superphosphate, 170 parts of potassium sulfate and 20 parts of a liquid humic acid.
    The raw materials and the manufacturing process are the same as in
    Example 1.
    Field test for comparison of fertilizers
    From 2014 to 2016, a peanut Huayu 25 was produced at the Jinan branch
    Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences conducted a field trial to compare fertilizers. The peanut was sown with a density of 9000 holes / mu and 2 plants / hole in spring, an earth wall was filled in, covered with a foil and subjected to regular measurements.
    For a control group, a normal use of fertilizer, basal use of a fertilizer composition of 40 kg / mu was determined. In the fertilizer composition, N: P2C> 5: K2O = 15: 15: 15.
    The basal application of the fertilizer composition to 40 kg / mu in the
    Examples 1 to 5 took place at once.
    2018/5730
    BE2018 / 5730 [0031] Table 1 Experimental effect (average value 2014-2016)
    processing Number of double seeds per plant Number of full fruits perplant Weight of 100 fruits(G) Weight of 100 cores(G) earnings(kg / mu) yield increase(%) control group 6.9 8.9 227.5 95.8 388.6 - example 1 8.8 H, 2 253.3 101.4 456.4 17.4 Example 2 7.3 9.3 230.4 96.5 401.2 3.2 Example 3 7.6 9.7 234.3 97.6 414.1 6.6 Example 4 7.9 10.2 239.1 98.4 421.7 8.5 Example 5 8.3 10.6 245.8 99.8 432.8 H, 4
    Note: The agronomic characteristics per plant were averaged by the selection of representative plants (6 plants), and the yield per mu was converted from the yield of an area of 6.67 m 2 .
    Table 2 Fertilizers nitrogen uptake and utilization and number of root nodules (average value 2014-2016)
    processing Total nitrogen during the growing season (%) Number of root nodules in the pod formation phase (g / plant) control group 31.2 0.41 example 1 43.4 0.55 Example 2 34.6 0.43 Example 3 36.8 0.45 Example 4 38.5 0.49 Example 5 40.2 0.51
    As can be seen from the above data, Table 1 shows that when an equivalent amount of fertilizer is used, the application of
    Peanut special fertilizer (Example 1) according to the disclosure to the
    Application of the usual fertilizer (control group) and other examples 2 to 5 contributes to the improvement of the yield component factors, the number of fruits with two seeds per plant, the number of full fruits per plant,
    2018/5730
    BE2018 / 5730 can increase the weight of 100 fruits and the weight of 100 peanut seeds and has significantly improved the average yield.
    As in Table 2, compared to the application of the usual fertilizer (control group) and other examples 2 to 5, the application of the peanut special fertilizer according to the disclosure has substantially improved the nitrogen utilization and the nitrogen binding capacity, effectively reduced the nitrogen loss and weakened the pollution.
    In conclusion, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the disclosure, which are not intended to restrict the disclosure. The disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, but those skilled in the art can further modify the technical solutions in the above embodiments or replace equivalent parts of the technical features thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, or the like in accordance with the spirit and spirit of the disclosure is deemed to be included within the scope of the disclosure.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. Special peanut fertilizer, comprising the following parts (parts by weight)
    Starting materials:
    Urea 30 parts,
    Sulfur plus resin-coated urea with controlled 20 parts,
    Release with a release period of 60 days
    Sulfur plus resin-coated urea with controlled 20 parts,
    Release with a release period of 90 days
    Sulfur plus resin-coated urea with controlled 30 parts,
    Release with a release period of 120 days
    Calcium superphosphate 400 parts,
    Potassium sulfate 170 parts and liquid humic acid 20 parts; and wherein the mass ratio of chemical nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) in the peanut special fertilizer is N: P2O5: K2O = 1: 1.5: 2.
    [2]
    2. Peanut special fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the urea is a nitrogen fertilizer containing 46% nitrogen.
    [3]
    The peanut specialty fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the sulfur plus resin-coated urea with a release period of 60 days, the sulfur plus resin-coated urea with a release period of 90 days and the sulfur plus resin-coated urea with a release period of 120 days each have a particle size of 1 to 2 mm.
    [4]
    4. The peanut specialty fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the sulfur plus resin-coated urea with a release period of 60 days, the sulfur plus resin-coated urea with a release period of 90 days and the sulfur plus resin-coated urea with a release period
    2018/5730
    BE2018 / 5730
    Release period of 120 days each with a nitrogen content of 41.5%,
    39.6% and 37.2% respectively.
    [5]
    5. peanut special fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the calcium superphosphate
    Has phosphorus pentoxide content of 16%.
    [6]
    6. Peanut special fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the potassium sulfate contains
    Has 50% potassium oxide.
    [7]
    7. Peanut special fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the humic acid is a liquid and has the following active ingredients: sugar content> 40%, Brix> 70, specific weight: 1.38, and reducing sugar: 18.5%.
    [8]
    8. Manufacturing process of a special peanut fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
    a) Mixing powdered calcium superphosphate with a liquid
    Humic acid, stirring for 5 to 6 min to complete mixing, obtaining
    Particles with a diameter of 1 to 2 mm by granulation and drying to a moisture content of 10% by weight or less; and
    b) Mixing the particles produced in step a) with the other starting materials, stirring for 4 to 5 minutes to complete mixing and obtaining the peanut special fertilizer.
    TREATY ON INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF PATENT
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    法律状态:
    2019-12-16| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20191118 |
    2021-07-15| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20201031 |
    优先权:
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    CN201810840925.5A|CN108947726A|2018-07-27|2018-07-27|Fertilizer special for peanuts and preparation method thereof|
    CN201810840925.5|2018-07-27|
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